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Multiple Choice

In a cerebrovascular accident, which pattern describes pupil and motor findings?

In brainstem strokes, you can see a combination of cranial nerve findings on the same side as the lesion and long tract (motor) signs on the opposite side. If the midbrain area containing the oculomotor nerve (CN III) is affected, the parasympathetic fibers that constrict the pupil are disrupted, causing an ipsilateral (same-side) pupil dilation. At the same time, the corticospinal tract fibers passing through the brainstem are interrupted, producing contralateral motor weakness. So the pattern of an abnormal pupil on the same side as the lesion with weakness on the opposite side fits a brainstem stroke mechanism. Other patterns aren’t typical for a focal brainstem stroke: bilateral pupil changes suggest more diffuse or widespread injury; a pupil abnormality on one side with the motor deficit on the same side would more likely reflect a peripheral or different lesion; and no changes wouldn’t explain the focal deficits observed.

In brainstem strokes, you can see a combination of cranial nerve findings on the same side as the lesion and long tract (motor) signs on the opposite side. If the midbrain area containing the oculomotor nerve (CN III) is affected, the parasympathetic fibers that constrict the pupil are disrupted, causing an ipsilateral (same-side) pupil dilation. At the same time, the corticospinal tract fibers passing through the brainstem are interrupted, producing contralateral motor weakness. So the pattern of an abnormal pupil on the same side as the lesion with weakness on the opposite side fits a brainstem stroke mechanism.

Other patterns aren’t typical for a focal brainstem stroke: bilateral pupil changes suggest more diffuse or widespread injury; a pupil abnormality on one side with the motor deficit on the same side would more likely reflect a peripheral or different lesion; and no changes wouldn’t explain the focal deficits observed.