Which abdominal finding is typical in peritonitis?

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Rigidity reflects involuntary guarding from irritation of the peritoneum. When the peritoneum becomes inflamed, the somatic nerves cause the abdominal wall muscles to contract and stay stiff, producing a board-like abdomen that is difficult to palpate or relieve with gentle pressure. This is a hallmark sign of generalized peritonitis, often accompanied by rebound tenderness and reduced bowel sounds from ileus. In contrast, hyperactive bowel sounds are not typical in peritonitis, and severe bradycardia is not a common feature (tachycardia is more likely with infection and sepsis). Tenderness without rigidity can occur with localized problems, but rigidity points to widespread peritoneal irritation.